The pigeonhole principle

Let me tell you about one of my favorite things. The pigeon and dove family, Columbidae, is a group of widespread and common birds. Members of this family were domesticated thousands of years ago and they have had symbolic importance throughout history. Many species continue to live closely with humans. People who keep pigeons are…

How do you graph something in 4D?

This post is a brief explanation for non-experts of a graphing technique you might have seen but not completely understood. As always, we’ll go over some necessary concepts first. Complex numbers If we want to solve an equation like x2+1=0, we get stuck because we need to take the square root of -1, but no…